Wunder, S., Fraccaroli, C., Varela, E., Bruzzese, S. & Termansen, M. (2025). Examining innovative designs of agri-environmental schemes in Europe: A case comparison of impact pathways
Fecha
Abstract. Agri-environmental schemes (AES), a subtype of payments for ecosystem services (PES), aim to address Europe’s environmental and climate objectives by incentivising farmers to maintain or shift to farming practices that deliver additional ecosystem services (ES). We develop a theory of change (ToC) for AES, reviewing nine European case studies at different implementation stages, yet all featuring innovative contract solutions to increase ES provision (e.g., water quality, pollination) and enhance bird and grassland biodiversity.
