Abstract. In countries with multi-level governance, the balance of power between centre and periphery results from complex bargaining processes. Existing literature equates decentralisation to its de jure dimension, which risks missing variation in the extent to which decentralisation reforms take place. In this paper, we argue that decentralisation is a two-stage process. In the first step, political elites bargain and agree on reforms to the legal framework to reflect the distribution of powers between the centre and the periphery.

Abstract. Preschool is acknowledged as a strategy for promoting long-term educational attainment and fostering equality of educational opportunities. Most of these expectations are based on evidence from rather recent periods. Leveraging retrospective data from cohorts born between 1900 and 1973 in Spain, we examine the historical evolution of returns to early education and its potential for equalization. We argue that this equalizing potential is contingent upon the degree of selectivity in accessing and completing a specific educational stage.

Abstract. This article examines how the political resocialisation of Chilean emigrants shapes their electoral preferences in constitutional plebiscites. We propose a set of hypotheses linking democracy levels in residence countries, prior electoral experience, ideology, and exposure to constitutional reforms abroad to voting behaviour. Using both administrative and individual-level data, our analysis yields three key findings. First, Chileans residing in less democratic countries than Chile are more likely to reject constitutional plebiscites.

Abstract. This literature review examines the application of informetric methods to assess diversity within the scientific workforce, focusing on recent advances in author name disambiguation, researcher profiling, and the evaluation of individual-level metrics. The study traces the evolution of quantitative approaches, from traditional productivity metrics to modern multidimensional models that incorporate contextual factors such as career trajectory, research practices, and social engagement.

Resumen. La relación entre los partidos de la derecha radical populista y el neoliberalismo sigue siendo objeto de debate académico. Mientras que amplios sectores de la literatura en Europa sostienen que el neoliberalismo ha perdido protagonismo dentro de esta familia ideológica, existen ejemplos contemporáneos que muestran una convivencia entre neoliberalismo y nacionalismo no exenta de contradicciones.