Cruz-Martínez, G. (2018). A Bottom-up picture of intra-national welfare regimes: the case of marginalised communities in Puerto Rico. Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy. Published online 06 Oct 2018.

Abstract. The main purpose of this article is twofold: (1) an examination of welfare regimes using a bottom-up approach, which enables a comprehensive analysis of welfare production based on recipients perceptions; and (2) an examination of more than one type of welfare-mix coexisting inside the national level across policy sectors. A classification of welfare regimes is carried out following a bottom-up approach and relying on the basis of the importance of welfare providers to satisfy social risks and promote well-being. Three traditional (e.g.